A horticultural technique where a shoot (scion) of one plant is joined to the rootstock of another. Used to combine desirable fruit qualities of one variety with the vigour, disease resistance, or dwarfing properties of another.
Grafting combines the desirable characteristics of two plants by fusing the scion (upper part) with the rootstock (lower part). The scion provides the fruit or foliage traits you want, while the rootstock contributes root vigour and sometimes disease resistance. This technique is particularly valuable in Australian gardening for citrus trees, stone fruits, and roses, allowing gardeners to grow multiple varieties on one tree or select rootstocks suited to specific soil types and climates.
In Australia's diverse climate zones, grafting helps overcome regional challenges. For example, grafting heat-tolerant citrus scions onto hardy rootstocks works well in tropical northern regions, while cold-climate zones benefit from cold-hardy rootstocks. The best time to graft in Australia depends on your zone and season—generally spring (September-November) is ideal as plants are actively growing. Summer grafting works in cooler southern regions.
Common grafting methods include whip grafting, cleft grafting, and budding. You'll find grafting tools and supplies at Bunnings, including grafting tape, pruning saws, and wax sealers. Success requires sharp tools, clean cuts, and firm binding to ensure the scion and rootstock knit together. Aftercare is crucial—protect grafted areas from direct sun and maintain consistent moisture until union is established, typically within 4-8 weeks.